Abstract *is was a cross-sectional analytical study which involved a total of 234 eyeball surgical specimens from 214 patients with histological diagnosis of RB at Mulago National Referral Hospital (MNH) in Kampala, Uganda, between 2006 and 2015. *e formalin-fixed embedded paraffin (FFEP) tissue blocks were retrieved and retrospectively studied at Makerere pathology laboratory. Fourteen (5.6%) cases were excluded from the study either because of missing tissue blocks or being spoiled by insec...
ABSTRACT Background Paediatric head and neck cancers represent an important group of childhood cancers that require maximum attention at large. They are often diagnosed at advanced clinical stages at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH). Objective To describe the clinical profile of paediatric head and neck cancers at a tertiary hospital in Tanzania Method A hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted involving 180 paediatric patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS program ver...
ABSTRACT Background: Assessing the influence of fear during pregnancy, labour and delivery on birth outcome among women is very important. Normally women experience happiness, satisfaction and self-fulfilment but some may feel some changes and may develop fear which maycause maternal and neonatal complications. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of fear during pregnancy, labour and delivery on birth outcome among post-delivery women in Zanzibar. Methods: This was a m...
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Pneumonia and Diarrhea are the most common childhood illnesses and are the leading cause of high childhood morbidity and mortality in Manyara Region. EBF is known to be able to protect infants against these illnesses, however not much is known about the breastfeeding practices in Manyara Region and how much it contributes to pneumonia and diarrhea. Objective: This study aimed at determining the association between EBF with pneumonia and diarrhoea among infants aged 0 to 6...
ABSTRACT Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a rapid growing public health problem in Zanzibar, Tanzania and Africa as well. Its long term complication is serous for both patients and family and may result to considerable burden to health care system. Caregiver’s adequate knowledge on glycemic control and caregiver who have diabetes care experience of 4 to 8 years have been found to be associated with poor glycemic control among children, however these have not been adequate expl...
Abstract Dodoma city, central Tanzania, seats in a semi-arid region of East Africa with limited rains and surface water resources. Consequently, the area largely depends on shallow and deep aquifers for its freshwater needs. Owing to harsh climatic conditions, chronic lack of year-round surface water bodies and, limited development of water distribution infrastructures, over year’s local people have nurtured, developed and, passed on important indigenous knowledge (IK) on exploiting and man...
ABSTRACT Background: The problem of healthcare-seeking behaviors is inadequate all over the world particularly in low and middle-income countries. Poor health-seeking behavior is reported to result in the delay in seeking appropriate care and increase the risk of morbidity and death in children. Despite all health consequences resulted from poor health-seeking behavior, the factors influencing it were unclear yet. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the determinants of healthcare-...
ABSTRACT Antibiotics resistance is a global concern that presents a major threat to veterinary public health as it reduces the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment in livestock and people. Many studies on antibiotics resistance have been based mainly on microbiology, biomedical and veterinary sciences in laboratory test with little attention paid to social aspects. Based on pastoralist communities in Ngorongoro District in Tanzania, the study examined how supply systems and social networks d...
ABSTRACT Background: Accidents has been observed to hinder individual development and reduce national economic intensification against expectations of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The presence of users of motorcycles and the associated accidents incursion offer a unique challenge in view of inadequate work force, which is frequently lost. The study-determined effectiveness of participatory training in improving knowledge and skills for basic life support among commercial motorcyclist...
ABSTRACT Background: The problem of orphans is sensitive all over the world and causes challenge in caring and protection of their right and prosperity (UNICEF, 2017a). This study, intended to determine the effect of orphan institutionalization on child deprivation, child maltreatment and quality of life among the orphaned children in Zanzibar. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study design was employed. Simple random sampling was used to select 374 participants from all five regions of Zan...
ABSTRACT In dentistry HIV/AIDS patients with oral lesions are encountered regularly, hence early diagnosis and appropriate treatment is important so as to prolong patient’s life. The researcher had noticed over time, what appeared to be a significant number of patients with oral lesions who were eligible for highly active antiretroviral therapy treatment, but who were not initiated. Applicable guidelines were available on how to manage patients with oral lesions as well as rec...
ABSTRACT Background: Prediction of fetal weight accurately is an important parameter in planning proper managements of labor and delivery, so as to reduce the rate of complications associated with the delivery of macrosomic or low birth weight fetus especially in second stage of labor and during puerperium. Fetal weight can be estimated correctly by various clinical methods but require selection of the valid method. In the present study, an effort was done to find which formula is more accura...
ABSTRACT Background: Direct Health Facility Financing (DHFF) is meant to improve quality of health services and brings more autonomy while promoting accountability at Public Primary Health Facilities (PPHFs). This study aimed at establishing the influence of DHFF on perceived status of health service satisfaction and health system responsiveness among clients at PPHFs. Also it established perceived internal and external accountability among Health Care Workers (HCWs) and members of HFGCs resp...
ABSTRACT Background: Severe preeclampsia disorder is more dominance in low and middle income countries. In Sub-Saharan Africa severe preeclampsia remains a major public health problem which contributes to 500/100,000 of maternal mortality. There is no published study conducted in Zanzibar on severe preeclampsia and fetal outcome This study, entitled to determine the risk factors of severe preeclampsia and its influences on fetal outcome among post delivery women in Zanzibar. Methods: A hospit...
ABSTRACT Background: Hazardous health care wastes cause unhealthy effects on people and the environment. However, no published study evidence about the training and competencies of hospital cleaners on health care waste management in Tanzania. Hence, the study aimed to assess the effectiveness of health care waste management training on improving competencies of hospital cleaners at Dodoma Regional Referral Hospital and Benjamin Mkapa Hospital in Dodoma Region. Methods: The study recruited 85...