Abstract Esophageal cancer is the third most common gastrointestinal malignancy and is among the 10 most prevalent cancers worldwide (Beasley P. 1997) . the main objective of this study to Assessment of Sub- mucosal Layer Spread of Esophageal Carcinoma using computed tomography . which done to the 35 patients with histologically confirmed esophageal carcinoma ,referred to Alamal Hospital and Alneleen Medical Center, for determine the accurate site and size of tumor for possible treatment from...
ABSTRACT Trachoma is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, which produces a characteristic scarring of the inner surface of the eyelids. It affects all age groups but is more prevalent among young children, aged less than 9 years, who are the reservoirs of the disease. Trachoma is the leading cause of infectious blindness in the world, accounting for more than 1.4% of the world‟s blindness. It‟s transmitted through direct contact of infected ocular material ...
ABSTRACT Male Involvement (MI) in Maternal and Child Health (MCH) services such as pre-conception care, antenatal care (ANC), prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV, skilled birth and management of birth complications, is an intervention that plays a crucial role in improving MCH outcomes. Increased utilization of MCH services is an essential package in reducing the risks associated with pregnancy and child bearing since mothers may develop serious life-threatening complica...
Abstract This study lies in the field of Cognitive Linguistics as it focuses on the use of metaphor in EkeGusii Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) discourse. This chapter highlights health communication, the history of HIV and AIDS in Kenya, EkeGusii and HIV, the linguistic expressions used in HIV and AIDS discourse and the concept of metaphor. The chapter also presents the statement of the problem, its research questions, objectives, justificat...
ABSTRACT The burden of HIV/AIDS persists in sub-Saharan Africa, in which Kenya is part, despite the preventive efforts. The national prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Kenya is 5.6%, and Nyanza Province is (15.1%) which is more than double. Subsequently, the prevalence in Kisumu is at 18.5%. Universal access to HIV Testing and Counselling (HTC) is recognized as the cornerstone for HIV prevention. Furthermore, it has been evidenced that Provider-Initiated Testing and Counselling (PITC) is considered as...
ABSTRACT Recent decreases in the global malaria burden are partly due to the deployment of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) for treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, these significant gains are threatened by emergence of drug-resistant malaria parasites. In Africa, P. falciparum remains susceptible to ACTs. However, due to the emergence of parasites that are resistant to ACTs in Southeast Asia and the recent report of declined responsiveness of P. fa...
Abstract Introduction: irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) which has been well described in western populations especially as the commonest cause of recurrent abdominal pain The aim of this study was to document the prevalence of Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) amongst children in western Nigeria and increase the aware ness of IBS amongst physicians who manage children with abdominal pain. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conduc...
ABSTRACT Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) malaria is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa despite the integrated approaches put in place to control the disease. Most of the mortality in holoendemic transmission areas occurs due to severe P. falciparum disease complication of severe malarial anaemia (SMA), a condition which largely presents in children below five years. Molecular determinants have been implicated in the pathogenesis of SMA (Hb
ABSTRACT The scarce and low nutritive livestock forage resource base in semi arid Kenya limits livestock production in these regions. The major factor contributing to this situation is inadequate and erratic rainfall patterns accompanied by long dry spells often culminating into drought. To exploit the full potential of the ASALs for livestock production there is need to expand the forage resource base through introduction of climate smart forage species. This study was carried out to evaluat...
ABSTRACT Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a multi-factorial condition of the eye that results in symptoms of stress and eye discomfort among electronic device users. It causes considerable chronic vision-related morbidity and reduced work productivity. Ninety percent and 75% of computer users globally and in Africa, respectively, suffer from CVS. The risk factors for CVS include prolonged period of electronic device use, glare, refractive error, short viewing distance and inappropriate seati...
Abstract Background: The clinical course of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) among Nigerian children has rarely been reported; this makes prognostication difficult. Objectives: The objective was to determine the frequency of relapses including frequent relapses (FR) and steroid-dependence (SD) in a cohort of Nigerian children with SSNS. A secondary objective was to identify clinical and demographic factors associated with relapse in these children. Methods: Medical records of ch...
ABSTRACT Maize (Zea mays) is a staple food grown in almost all agro-ecological zones in Kenya. The production output is very low (2.4 million tons annually) nationally. Nyanza region contributes about 5 million bags. This is not enough to feed its population of 5 million people. Maize ear rot disease contributes to low maize productivity in Nyanza, with annual lossess due to aar rot estimated at 18 percent. These pathogens are reported to lower the quality of the maize crop and produce mycoto...
SUMMARY Objectives: To review the prevalence and pattern of cardiovascular disorders in childhood autopsies in Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). To also determine the frequency of associated extra cardiac complications and characteristics of children with cardiovascular diseases that died. Materials and Methods: The autopsy register of the department of Morbid anatomy for the years 1991 to 2000 in LUTH was retrospectively reviewed. Data extracted including age, sex, primary diagnos...
ABSTRACT In Kenya, the maternal mortality ratio was 400/100,000 in 2013, about twice as high as the global maternal mortality ratio of 210/100,000. In Gem Sub-County, maternal mortality ratio is twice as high as the national maternal mortality burden.GemSub-County is also located in a region with a high burden of neonatal deaths. It has been documented that making maternal health services free can improve maternal and newborn health. The Government of Kenya introduced free maternal health pol...
Abstract Aquatic pollution by heavy metals remains a recurrent problem globally due to their persistence, toxicity and ability to accumulate in biological systems. This study investigated the pollution trend, ecological and public health risks associated with heavy metal pollution in the Lagos Lagoon as well as pattern of interaction among heavy metals that can be exploited for remediation of exposed aquatic organisms. Heavy metal content in surface water, sediment and biota were analyzed us...