Abstract: Nigeria is the most populated nation in Africa and the sixth most populated in the world, with about half its population living in cities. The extent of rapid population growth and uncontrolled urbanization within the country has now taken a toll on the standard and quality of urban cities in Nigeria. The United Nations Human Settlement Program (UNHSP) states that 54% of the population lives in slums and informal settlement households, and according to the UN-Habitat, the figure fo...
Abstract: Low goat milk yield is a major constraint in Kitui County. A survey was carried out in Kitui Township, Kyangwithya east and Kyangwithya west wards of Kitui Central Sub County to assess and document the factors influencing dairy goat milk production and its roles towards improvement of rural livelihood. The environmental and managerial factors affecting milk production of different goat breeds was surveyed. Data was collected through questionnaires, observation and recording, and ph...
Abstract: Cassava mosaic geminiviruses (CMGs) and cassava brown streak viruses (CBSVs) respectively cause cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) which significantly inhibit cassava production in Kenya. This study aimed at determining the prevalence and incidence of CMD and CBSD in lower eastern Kenya and resistance response of new improved cassava genotypes. To determine the prevalence and incidence of CMD and CBSD in lower eastern Kenya, survey was conducted in...
Abstract: Cordia sinensis Lam. in the family Boraginaceae is a popular indigenous multipurpose tree species valued for fodder, fruit, structural timber and fuel wood. It is widely distributed in the arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs) of Kenya. Production of seedlings is through seeds. There are challenges acquiring viable and vigorous Cordia sinensis seeds for raising planting materials due to difficulties in post-harvest storage. In spite of the tree’s exceptional multipurpose qualities and...
Abstract: African swine fever (ASF), a hemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs, is caused by a large enveloped icosahedral arbovirus of the Asfivirus genus in the family Asfarviridae . It has a linear, covalently close-ended, double stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome, 170 – 190 kbp in size. Warthogs (Phaecochoerus aethiopicus ), bushpigs (Potamochoerus porcus ) and soft ticks of the Ornithodoros genus are natural reservoirs of ASF virus (ASFV) in Africa. Serological differentiation between field str...
Abstract: Please read the abstract in the secton 00front of this document.
Antenatal care (ANC) refers to the care that is given to a pregnant woman from the time that conception is confirmed until the beginning of labor, Viccars and Maputle (2015). Antenatal care is a key strategy for reducing matemal morbidity and mortality directly through detection and treatment of pregnancy related illness, or indirectly through detection of women at risk of complications of delivery and ensuring that they deliver in a suitably equipped facility Chandhiok, Dhillon, Kambo and Sa...
Abstract: The ABO blood group system is a genetic polymorphism that leads to phenotypic polymorphism. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between malaria, particularly P. falciparum and P.vivax malaria, and the distribution of the ABO and Rh (D) blood group systems in Miesso district of West Hararge Zone of Oromia Regional State. A case-control study design was carried out from November to January 2016. A total of 168 people participated in this study. Blood group da...
Abstract: Frequencies of ABO and Rhesus (Rh-D) blood groups phenotypes, alleles, and genotypes vary geographically, ethnically and from one population to another. Some variations may even occur within one ethnic group and within one small country. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the frequencies of ABO and Rh-D Blood Groups phenotypes, alleles and genotypes among students of Lemen Secondary and Preparatory School, South-West Shawa, Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. A total of 384 stud...
Abstract: Many microorganisms have the potential to cause diseases for which the human body is prone. The discovery of antibiotics has, however, provided important tools to combat bacterial diseases. But due to the indiscriminate use of commercial antimicrobial drugs in the treatment of infectious diseases multiple drug resistance has developed among some pathogens. This creates a need for searching new effective and safe antimicrobial therapeutic agents. The aim of this study was to test th...
Abstract: Tuberculosis is a deadly infectious disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Ethiopia ranks seventh among the twenty two high tuberculosis burden countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB), particularly pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and its associated risk factors among patients visiting Dukem Health Center, Oromiya Regional State. A cross-sectional survey on the prevalence of smear positive PTB was done among TB suspected patient...
Abstract: Malaria is a common and life threatening disease in many tropical and sub-tropical areas. The aim of this study was to know the current status of malaria and the extent of utilization of Insecticide Treated Bed-Nets at Masero town. A cross-sectional survey study was conducted using systematic random sampling method to select 403 study participants for questionnaire and parasitological blood examination. The study was carried out during October to December 2018. Clinical records of ...
Abstract: Parasite infections are a disease conditions associated with the presence of parasite in a host’s body. And It is believed that infections caused by parasites have an effect on hematological parameters. Hence this study was designed to investigate the effect of intestinal parasites infections on Packed Read Cell Volume (PCV), Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, and blood groups frequencies as well as to investigate the intestinal parasite prevalence among school children. Stool and bl...
Abstract: Water is a natural resource and is essential to sustain life. Poor drinking water quality has been linked to several diseases of man particularly in developing countries where availability of potable water is a big challenge. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the bacteriological and physico-chemical quality of well and reservoir water in Dilela town. A total of 19 water samples were collected from protected well, unprotected well and reservoir. The bacteriological quality of...
Abstract: The ABO and Rh (D) blood groups are the hereditary characters and are useful in population genetic studies, in resolving medico-legal issues and more importantly in compatibility test in blood transfusion practice and they are the most important blood group system in human blood transfusion and forensic investigation. The Aim of the study was to investigate the distribution of ABO and Rh (D) blood groups among students of three ethnic groups in Harbu Chulule Preparatory and Seconda...