Abstract: Phytochemicals are important as protective and disease fighting compounds. The guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a phytotherapic plant used in folk medicine. It is believed to have active components that help to treat and manage various infectious diseases. The present study was carried out to screen and quantify the major phytochemicals and to evaluate antibacterial activities of guava leaf and bark extracts. Extraction was done by maceration using ethanol solvent. Qualitative analysi...
Abstract: Plants have been used for generations as source of medicine in the treatment of a variety of human illnesses. In Ethiopia, many plants are used for this purpose by traditional healers without any scientific justification for their therapeutic values. Thus, this study was aimed atassessing the antibacterial activities of crude extracts obtained from different parts of Calotropis procera and Vernonia amygdalina against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aerugino...
Abstract: Plants possess a wide variety of secondary metabolites which have been found to exhibit antimicrobial, antioxidant and antitumor activities. In Ethiopia, a number of plant species are traditionally used for the treatment of many diseases. Among these, Croton macrostachyus and Justicia schimperiana, which are abundantly available in many areas of the Country, are widely known for their traditional medicinal values. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objective of analyzing ...
Abstract: Human malaria is a common and life-threatening disease in many tropical and sub tropical areas. Consequently, malaria epidemics are serious public health emergencies. ITNs (Insecticide Treated bed Nets) are the most powerful malaria control tool. The utilization of ITNs is still unacceptably low among rural people. Thus, the objectives of the present study were to assess the prevalence of malaria, to determine the predominant Plasmodium species among the study participants and to a...
Abstract: The Frequencies of Blood types, alleles and genotypes of the ABO and Rh blood group system varies worldwide. Therefore, this study was conducted to get information on the frequencies of alleles, phenotypes and genotypes of ABO and Rh D blood group systems among the students of Amhara and Oromo ethnic groups at Sheno Secondary and Preparatory School, North Shewa Zone, Oromia Region. A total sample of 600 students from two ethnic groups were randomly selected and tested for ABO and R...
Abstract: S.mansoni infection is one of the major public health problems in many developing countries including Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, intensity and associated risk factors of S. mansoni infection among primary school children of Zegie Peninsula. A cross-sectional survey was carried out and a total of 403 school children were selected from a total of 1946 students using stratified random sampling technique from three primary schools that are fo...
Abstract: The frequency of ABO blood groups vary geographically, ethnically and from one population to another. Some variations may even occur within one ethnic group. Anemia is a global public health problem affecting both developing and developed countries with major consequences for human health as well as social and economic development. The general objective of present study was to determine and evaluate the relationships between ABO blood type system and anemia among pregnant women vis...
Abstract: ABO and Rh blood group systems in humans are two important molecular markers that are routinely analyzed prior to transfusion and medical treatment. The frequency of ABO and Rh blood group genotypes and alleles varies worldwide and are not found in equal frequency among ethnic groups. Therefore, This study was carried out with an aim to determine the allelic and genotypic frequencies of ABO and Rh blood groups among students of Hawariyat Preparatory School, Mihur Akilil Woreda, Sou...
Abstract: The frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood group vary geographically,ethnically and from one population to another. Some variation may occur with in one ethnic groups and within small country. This study was conducted to determine freqeuency of ABO and Rhesus blood group,phenotype, genotype,and allele among ethnic group Tigrean, Saho,and ,Erob people in Mekelle city Ayder Hospital Tigray, Ethiopia. A Total of 630 individuals were selected purposively among the patient of Ayder Hospital....
Abstract: Eucalyptus camaldulensis and E. tetragona are the species of genus Eucalyptus in Ethiopia known for medicinal values of its essential oils. The essential oil composition of these species may vary due to genetic difference. In this study, essential oil composition and antibacterial activities of the leaves of E. camaldulensis and E. tetragona leaf essential oils were analyzed. The oil was extracted by steam distillation by using Clevenger apparatus and their compositions were analyz...
Abstract: Opportunistic intestinal protozoan parasitic infections (OIPPIs) are major public health problems in developing countries especially among HIV/AIDS patients. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of major opportunistic intestinal protozoan parasitic infections among HIV sero-positive individuals at Dilchora Referral Hospital, Dire Dawa Town, Eastern Ethiopia. Hospital based cross sectional study was conducted from December, 2017-Feb...
Abstract: Malaria is one of the major public health problems in many tropical and subtropical developing countries including Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to assess the status of malaria prevalence among patients visiting Midakegn Health Center, West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State, A cross sectional study was carried out from December 2018-March 2019. Health records of malaria for the last five years (2014 -2018) were obtained from Midakegn Health record Offices. A systematic ...
Abstract: Color blindness, or color vision deficiency (CVD), is the inability or decreased ability to perceive color differences under normal lighting conditions. Human color vision is normally trichromatic i.e. the mixture of red, green, and blue lights. Impaired color vision, in the case of red-green color blindness, is genetically determined by X-linked recessive inheritance and thus occurs mainly in males. The general objective of the study is to estimate the frequency of Color Blindness...
Abstract: Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in Ethiopia. It is first in productivity among cereal crops and second in area of production. The experiment was conducted to determine the magnitude and extent of genetic variability; and the association between traits and their contribution to yield in maize genotypes. The field experiment was laid out in a 10x5 alpha lattice design with two replications. The analysis of variance showed genotypic mean squares were sign...
Abstract: Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is one of the most important oilseed crops for industrial, food, feed, and fiber purposes. Genetic variability plays important role for development of improved varieties. The aim of this study was to characterize thirty-six linseed genotypes using yield, yield related traits and oil content to determine magnitude of genetic variability, and phenotypic and genotypic correlation between yield and yield components. The field experiment was conducted at...