ABSTRACT Human activities (including agriculture) contribute to enhance release of primary greenhouse gases (GHGs) (CH4, CO2, N2O) into the atmosphere leading to global warming. Sugarcane is an important economic crop in Kenya being third highest contributor to gross domestic product (GDP) after tea and coffee. About 90% of Kenya‘s production is contributed by smallholders. To improve/maximize sugarcane yields, farmers convert natural vegetation to sugarcane farms; apply nitrogen fertilizer...
ABSTRACT Intact ecosystems can regulate the transmission of infectious diseases by maintaining the diversity of species in equilibrium. However, human driven land use change is a major driver of environmental change and can affect the emergence and the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases. This study investigated how land use change, and hence the extent of wildlife-livestock interactions affect the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases in the Maasai Mara ecosystem in Kenya, us...
Abstract Latent semantic analysis (LSA) application in information retrieval promises to offer better performance by overcoming some limitations that plagues traditional termmatching techniques. These term-matching techniques have always relied on matching query terms with document terms to retrieve the documents having terms matching the query terms. However, by use of these traditional retrieval techniques, users’ needs have not been adequately served. While users want to search through i...
Abstract A shift from technology-oriented knowledge management to people-oriented knowledge management is indispensable. To achieve this, organizations must understand the nature of knowledge. In this work, knowledge has been found to be both a process and a collection of artifacts. This makes knowledge and the knower to be two inseparable entities. Consequently, the appropriate way to share both the explicit and the implicit knowledge components is through people-with-people connection. Howe...
ABSTRACT Thermodynamic properties of the multiband high critical temperature superconductors have been describedpreviously with simple standard BCS expressions corresponding to and bands, but the microscopic mechanisms that allow superconductivity to persist at high temperatures remain unknown. Studies on two band superconductors have previously been described through one band model; this approach has not adequately addressed cases of inter-band scattering for superconductors at high temperat...
ABSTRACT The ionosphere is the ionized portion of the atmosphere that stretches from about 50 km to 1000 km above the ground. It plays a very important role in the solar effects felt on Earth. Despite various studies having been carried out on occurrence of Equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) in Africa, more research needs to be done within East Africa since the ionosphere is a highly variable medium resulting from ionizing radiation from the Sun and changes from region to region. The problem in...
ABSTRACT Biogas production in third world countries is still un-optimized and produce very minimal outputs. Optimization of biogas quality by increasing the temperature of the bio-digester is quite technical. On the other hand, commercial enzymes used to increase biogas quantity are also expensive and substrate-specific. T. brownii and Acanthaceae spp. extracts were successfully used to hasten saccharification and fermentation of cellulose during the preparation of traditional alcohols. This ...
Abstract Synthetic sex pheromones could provide valuable alternative means of pest control in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies. Their uses could include population monitoring with pheromone traps to guide other control methods, by mass trapping and mating disruption. (Z)-ll-Hexadecenal (Z-11-C4Hg CH=CH (CHZ) 9 CHO) and (Z)-llhexadecen- l-ol (Z-ll-C/H",CH=CH(CH1 )oCH10H), the major components of '1 £ J £. spotted stalk borer, Chilo pert el Lue (swinhoe) fernale sex pheromone, were...
ABSTRACT Vihiga County for a long time has been known to be an endemic malaria region. The presence of many rivers and high temperatures, is ideal for mosquitoes breeding and maturity. However, the impact of changing climate and increasing malaria prevalence in the region have received little attention. Temperatures have increased over the past decades and rainfall decreased. Mosquitoes are temperature sensitive whereby high temperatures exacerbate their breeding. Therefore, this study aimed ...
Abstract Kenya is one of the major contributors to the poor maternal health status in Africa with maternal mortality ratio of 488 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births translating to 7,700 maternal deaths annually [23]. There are regional disparities in maternal mortality among the 47 counties with county with the highest maternal mortality has almost 20 times maternal deaths of that with the lowest. Migori County is one of the counties with the highest burden of maternal mortality in the c...
ABSTRACT; Amritphala (psidium guajava l) is a small size tree in myrtaceae family, traditionally used in treatment of several diseases such as inflammation, diabetes, hypertension, wounds, pain and fever. When it comes to skin care, the astringents of guava enhance the skin texture and tighten loosened skin. The guava leaves works more effectively than any other skin nourishing lotions in the market. Decoction of immature leaves and fruits can be applied on the skin to prevent tightening and ...
ABSTRACT A birth certificate is becoming one of the crucial documents a Kenyan must possess. For instance, it is becoming a requirement for standard eight pupils and form four students to produce a birth certificate, in which a copy will be send to Kenya National Examination Council, for them to be registered as candidates. Similarly, most institutions require a birth certificate for identification purposes if one is not an adult also when processing identification card you have to produce th...
ABSTRACT Information and knowledge play an important role in enabling rural women to achieve economic empowerment through poverty alleviation. The general aim of this study was to determine the contribution of information in the empowerment of rural women. In a bid to achieve this objective, the study sought to assess the roles of information in increasing women access and control of economic resources, in assisting women contribute towards economic decisions at the household and community le...
ABSTRACT Entanglement is a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics which originated from the 1935 paper of Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) and has been demonstrated in many quantum systems for development of quantum technology. Entanglement of photons occurs through polarization states generated in nonlinear parametric processes. The Optical parametric oscillator (OPO) constitutes a nonlinear process in which a pair of entangled photons (signal and idler) is generated when a light mode fr...
ABSTRACT Various energy sources are utilized at present with a challenge of energy storage in many cases. The existing rechargeable storage batteries which include sodium-ion and lithium-ion have some limitations in their gravimetric capacities. This can be improved by incorporating Vanadium disulphide (VS2) due to its metallic properties at ground state. In this work we investigate the adsorption of lithium ions on the VS2 layered material. Research shows that intercalating lithium ions on a...