ABSTRACT The plant Tarchonanthus camphoratus belongs to Asteraceae family. Its common name is wild sage or camphor bush. This study was aimed at isolating bioactive phenypropanoid esters and sesquiterpene lactones from the leaves of this plant. A powdered sample of the leaves weighing 500 g was sequentially extracted with of hexane (1.5 L), dichloromethane (1.5 L) and methanol (3 x 1.5 L). The methanolic extract was partitioned between equal volumes (250 ml each) of distilled water. The n-but...
ABSTRACT Cereal grain losses are high in sub-Saharan Africa countries, Tanzania inclusive. Information on protection of these losses is mainly reported for maize and other cereals but it is limited on bean, particularly for Kilosa district. This study was carried in Kilosa district, where by two wards (Malolo and Lumuma) were used to establish effective storage technology for bean storage and measure the level of understanding on postharvest management. To measure effectiveness storage techn...
Abstract In this paper, we apply the LINEST model of the Microsoft excel to the population, Nigeria (Naira) exchange rate with US Dollar and Internal Generated Revenue (IGR) of 2014 top-10 Nigerian states by IGR in billions of naira from 2010 to 2014 as in the data bases of National Population Commission (NPC), Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) respectively. The indexed IGR is used as proxy for each state and the nation. The last census of 2006 by NP...
ABSTRACT Despite the Nile perch contributing about 67% of Kenya’s total annual fish export earnings, no specific method exists for evaluating the freshness of the fish when landed and its shelf life when kept in ice. Currently the European Union (EU) sensory scheme is used in sensory evaluation of all commercial fish species available in the Kenyan fishery. This study was conducted to develop a suitable Quality Index Method scheme, that is specific for the Nile perch, using a set of select...
ABSTRACT Concentrations of 16 priority polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in 30 brands of Nigerian and imported pastas in Nigerian market. The pasta samples were categorised into (1) noodles (2) spaghetti and (3) macaroni. Analysis were performed by GC – MS after soxhlet extraction of the sample and clean up of the extract. The concentration of Σ16 PAHs in both the Nigerian and imported brands are in the range of 0.009 to 0.8 mgkg-1 and 0.002 to 0.007 mgkg-1 respectiv...
ABSTRACT Human breast milk is universally recognized as the optimal food for term infants. Fatty acids play important roles in biological systems and the newborn’s fatty acid requirements are wholly met by the mothers’ breast milk. Although there have been many studies on fatty acid composition of human milk from Western countries and Africa, there is little information about that in the Kenyan population. This study was conducted to characterize and analyze quantitatively the fatty acid ...
ABSTRACT Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous environmental and industrial pollutantwhose exact toxicity mechanisms still remain elusive. However, cumulative data has implicated bioaccumulation as well as free radical generation in the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of cadmium induced toxicity. Chelation therapy with calcium disodium ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (CaNa2EDTA), British Anti Lewisite (BAL), meso 2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) is so far among the best known treatment again...
ABSTRACT Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous environmental and industrial pollutantwhose exact toxicity mechanisms still remain elusive. However, cumulative data has implicated bioaccumulation as well as free radical generation in the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of cadmium induced toxicity. Chelation therapy with calcium disodium ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (CaNa2EDTA), British Anti Lewisite (BAL), meso 2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) is so far among the best known treatment again...
ABSTRACT An epidemiological study was carried out between September 2011 and February 2012 to determine the disease status of Peste des Petits ruminants (PPR) in western Kigoma region bordering Burundi and Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The study aimed at establishing the seroprevalence of PPR and identifying risk factors associated with the disease in three districts (Kasulu, Kibondo and Kigoma rural) of Kigoma region. The study also assessed the presence or absence of clinical cases i...
Complexing capacities of calcium and magnesium with natural organic matter (NOM)/selected organic chelating agents, in the presence and absence of other major and trace cations in water, were studied by anodic and cathodic square wave stripping voltammetry techniques (ASWSV and CSWSV). Under predetermined and optimized physico-chemical parameters (pH, temperature and ionic strength), calcium-NOM complexation and competitive complexation by other elements of known concentration (Pb, Zn, a...
This thesis is concerned with exploring alternative conceptualizations of the e-government artifact relevant to developing countries in Africa. The premise is that e-government, as an artifact of human conception, remains relatively poorly developed at the levels of theory, methodologies and practice. The investigation is focused on two problematic areas of e-government: its conceptualization and its operationalization as an artifact. There is evidence to suggest that conceptualization of...
This study was conducted to estimate serum fructosamine and HbA1c in patients with type 1 and type 2 DM. 100 blood samples (50 type 1, 50 type 2) were collected from patients during period from February to April 2016, chosen randomly from health insurance – diabetic center and El-obied teaching hospital, and 50 apparently healthy individuals as control group to evaluate and estimate serum fructosamine and HbA1c in diabetic patients. Nitroblue tetrazolium method used to estimate serum ...
We study the operator commuting and essential commutant of analytic Toeplitz operators module the compact operators and Toeplitz operators in several complex variables and on the Bergman space of the until ball. We show the ordered groups and some exact sequences and the commutator ideal of the Toeplitz algebras of spherical isometries and on the Bergman spaces of the unit ball in the unitary space. We give the lower bounds in the matrix, new estimate for the vector-valued and matrix-va...
In this research we studied the global warming by knowing the definition, and the causes. This research covers the Earth's atmosphere in details and the gases in each layer. Also the physical properties (pressure, thickness, temperature, speed of sound, density, mass), optical properties (scattering, absorption, emission, refractive index). Other aspects such as the Industrial Revolution and its role in the increase of greenhouse gases, the study covers United States of America, and Chi...
ABSTRACT The rapid increase of smartphone proliferation in Kenya has resulted in users being dependent on their phones for everyday activities. This increased interaction with smartphones has posed a significant threat to users’ privacy and security. The exposure to threats demonstrates a need to understand users’ security awareness and behavior when using their mobile phones. Therefore, this study sought to establish the level of security risk awareness and user behaviour among smartpho...