ABSTRACT This study was conducted at Sarusungu Border Post, a socio-economic conduit at Rundu-Calais Bridgehead in Kavango East Region. The research investigated Informal Cross Border trade patterns, pro-poor benefits and hindrances of Informal Cross Border Trade (ICBT). The investigation used a qualitative approach in form of semi-structured interviews and field observation. The study had a sample of 55 participants consisting of informal traders, money exchangers, border officials and key ...
ABSTRACT Globally, with rapid urbanization in most cities of the World, more people are now living in urban areas than in rural areas. The housing backlog coupled with a shortage of housing subsidies means that for many there is no alternative but to live in informal settlements. Urban food insecurity is often overlooked since, at the aggregate level, economic and social conditions in urban areas are much better than those in rural areas. The urban poor often live in neighbourhoods with poo...
ABSTRACT The dissertation examined the development and potential prospects of three diverse mining settlements in Namibia - Rosh Pinah, Klein Aub, and Tsumeb. It is a case study in settlement, geography aiming to investigate problem areas and their potential the solution towards sustaining people-centred urban stability, growth and development, linked to the assistance of private-public local and regional development planning in an environment of global mining competition. The integrative li...
Abstract Albizia anthelmintica belongs to the family Fabaceae. The plant is traditionally used to treat symptoms of microbial infections in both humans and animals. The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical content, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of A. anthelmintica leaves, roots and stem bark ethanol extracts. Antibacterial activity was carried out by means of the agar disc diffusion method. The anti-oxidative activities of the extracts were determined by means o...
Abstract Over the past few decades metals in medicine have played to play a significant role, especially after the discovery of the anticancer properties of cisplatin. However, acquired and intrinsic resistance, toxicity and a host of side-effects have encouraged the research for new metal based anticancer agents. Organometallic complexes have proved to be successful anticancer agents and several have commenced clinical trials. The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize trinuclear ...
Abstract The phenomenon and increasing rate of urbanisation is causing many researchers to look deeper at life in cities. Increasingly recognised are the benefits of urban green space and their associated recreational parks and nature reserves. While there is a growing literature on the environmental services provided by these areas; so too is there a growing literature on the numerous social benefits that recreational green spaces in particular afford their users. Although imagined and gener...
Abstract Erica makes up 7% of all species in the Cape flora. It is the most species-rich genus in the Cape Floristic Region (CFR), which has an area 0f 90 000km2. Erica species have great inter- and intra-specific variation in floral form as well as in post-fire regeneration strategies. Previous studies of other plant groups (Barrett et al. 1996; Button et al. 2012) have illustrated changes in floral traits with a shift from outcrossing to selfing. The aim of this thesis was to determine whet...
ABSTRACT Plant species in the genus Helichrysum, are widely used in Southern African traditional medicine. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were reported for most of the Helichrysum species including H. argyrosphaerum. As a starting point to elucidate the structures of the compounds that may be responsible for these properties, phytochemical screening was performed to qualitatively identify the classes of compounds present. The results showed that the plant is rich in polyphenols and ...
Abstract The High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) is an array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes located in the Khomas highlands of Namibia. Their primary purpose is to detect Cherenkov light (CL) produced by particles in extensive air showers which are produced by incident high energy particles (gamma rays or cosmic rays) on the Earth’s atmosphere. The array consists of four 107 m2 optical telescopes and a larger 614 m2 collective surface area telescope in the centre of th...
ABSTRACT In 1991, Michael Grätzel and co-workers developed a new photovoltaic cell known as Dye Sensitized solar cells (DSSCs); these photovoltaic semiconductor devices convert solar radiation directly into electricity [1]. Metal-free sensitizers such as organic dyes and natural dyes have received attention as alternative DSSC applications and have been extensively developed [2]. Two metal free dyes were reported. These dyes were prepared through Schiff base synthetic methods, which a...
Abstract In Namibia seawater is employed by marine fish factories during processing. Previous studies indicated that chlorine and Ultra Violet (UV) light are ineffective in keeping seawater free from bacteria throughout the distribution system. However, laboratory studies showed that hydrogen peroxide eliminates both sessile and attached bacteria from seawater. Secondly it is not known whether Vibrio alginolyticus bacteria isolated from the Namibian marine waters and from hake fis...
Abstract The United Nation predicted that by 2025, 1.8 billion people will be living in countries with absolute water scarcity and two-thirds of the world population could be under stress condition. In semi-arid regions, most communities depend on groundwater as the source of drinking water and thus with changes in global climatic conditions and increase in population, groundwater resources are facing challenges of both over-exploitation and contamination. Therefore, there is an urgent ne...
ABSTRACT Six samples were generated by mixing the flours (AYB+ maize composite) with graded levels of defatted coconut flour (100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50), sugar, salt, sorghum malt extract and water. Breakfast cereals were produced by roasting (280°C) -a dry heat treatment process to gelatinize and semi-dextrinize the starch in order to generate dry ready to eat products from blends of African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa), maize (Zea mays) and defatted coconut (Cocos nuci...
ABSTRACT Echinoids are recognized as important components of temperate kelp forests because of the impact that they have by grazing. The provision of shelter by some echinoid species for both juvenile conspecifics and for other species of echinoids has been widely documented. The behaviour is thought to be important in the survival of these species. The role of echinoids as protective "nurseries" for several types of marine animals has also been suggested. Adult echinoids are supported 1 - 2 ...
ABSTRACT Five years hav~ passed since the Two Oceans Aquarium, Cape Town, opened it doors for the first time in November, 1995. Since then, a seaweed community has established itself in the Kelp tank. The seaweeds were brought in as either epiphytes on mature macro algae or as epiphytes on boulders that were placed on the floor of the tank. Thus, the community in the tank can be assumed to have established itself naturally. This study looked at the extent of the species diversity, zonation pa...