Abstract: Despite the failure of the United Nations (UN) to stop the 1994 Genocide, Rwanda has been actively participating in peacekeeping operations under the African Union (AU) and United Nations (UN) efforts in Sudan and troubled countries since August 2004. This study will mainly focus on three important variables through which Rwandan Defence Forces (RDF) largely originate its great success in peacekeeping missions. This study examines the role of UN peacekeeping mission in Rwandan conf...
Abstract: East African (EA) history now comprises, in part, of a 115-year history of formal integration, or East African Integration (EAI). EA is now seemingly poised to federate, into an East African Political Federation (EAPF). That hope is inspired by the said history. Among the concerned nations, an EAPF is a welcome prospect. It would be the culmination of a long progression, the EAI. EAI is, in sum, an implication of certain interactions among three kinds of polities, namely: colonial ...
Abstract: There are two kinds of injustice: the first is found in those who do an injury; the second in those who fail to protect another from injury when they can. (Cicero, De Offiis I, vii trans. Michael Winterbottom, 1994) Non-state actors are increasingly getting involved in the affairs of developing nation-states thus altering the nature of state sovereignty. This research attempts to investigate the evolving concept of state sovereignty in the context of the African Union’s intervent...
Abstract: Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania have engaged in various forms of integration since independence. This led to the inauguration of the East African Community in 2001. Today, the EAC has enlarged with Rwanda and Burundi as new members and a customs union established (East African Community-Customs Union) which has further led to the creation of a common market. This study aims at contextualizing the EAC and examining the trade effects of the customs union using a quantitative model of East...
Abstract: Chad has been known by reputation as a home of bloody civil wars. Widespread of complex political issues have obscured form of conflicts. However, one of these bloody conflicts within the country known as pastoral conflict is also one of the violent conflicts within the country that seems to be ignored or not addressed by the government. One of the basic factors in conflict between pastoralists and farmers and among pastoralists in Africa is the access to natural resources. This is...
Abstract: This paper seeks to investigate child protection/child rights in armed conflicts in the HOA and GLRA. By establishing the principles of child protection during armed conflict, the study tries to establish a conclusive analysis on the plight of CAAC in the HOA and the GLRA. In addition, the study aims at investigating the extent of the execution and implementation of child rights in armed conflict in the HOA and the GLRA, and also it aims at examining the prospect involvement of chi...
Abstract: The East African Community (EAC) established in 2000 represents the most current of a number of previous attempts at achieving East African integration. This study set out to investigate why Kenya. Uganda and Tanzania sought to revive the EAC after its collapse in 1977. The collapse of the old Fag African Community (EAC) in 1977 was the result of factors that strained the relationships of the states' to the extent that its continued operation was rendered impossible. The study find...
Abstract: Family is the basic unit of society. Many values are passed down through the type of parenting an individual receives. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the parenting style used in an employee's early life and their current performance at work. The study's objectives were to determine parenting styles used early in life on employees at Sarova Panafric Hotel, to measure the performance of employees in Sarova Panafric Hotel and to determine differences in parenti...
Abstract: Isiolo County has experienced conflict over a long time. The conflict could be best described as resource based as it has always involved one or more of the resources that the local population has been competing over, which ranges from water, pasture and land among others. Currently, there is a great flurry of land speculation and illegal acquisition where by national and county government to address resource-based conflict is expected. The study sought to investigate the impact of...
Abstract: This research investigated the effects of Italy’s securitization policies on irregular migration from Africa. In Italy, migration has bred controversy due to the complexity of migrant sharing across European union states. Additionally, Italian politicians and the media have shaped the conversation around irregular migration from Africa, resulting in the public opinion that Italy is threatened by allowing thousands of refugees through its borders. The issue has become central to t...
Abstract: Many communities have been thrust into humanitarian crises as the number and complexity of conflicts have increased. Despite the supply of humanitarian aid, conditions worsen, and conflicts recur. As a result, the United Nations, and its partners, including NGOs, civil society, and local or national government actors, have been compelled to employ new approaches to offer long-term solutions - the triple nexus. It specifically refers to efforts in the humanitarian, development, and ...
Abstract: Kiswahili language as a tool for cultural diplomacy has been viewed an important strategic direction in the foreign policy discourse of Kenya. The Foreign Policy of Kenya and the Cultural Diplomacy Strategy provide the policy and the institutional framework’s implementation strategies. The study investigated whether Kenya has invested in Kiswahili, as its recognized national language, and how it has been used as a tool to enhance its foreign relations through cultural diplomacy. ...
Abstract: The use of child soldiers in West Africa has been a longstanding problem, particularly in countries affected by conflict and political instability. Children as young as 7 years old have been recruited into armed groups and used to carry out a range of activities, including combat, intelligence gathering, and forced labor. Sierra Leone is one of the West African states that faced a decade-long civil war. The use of child soldiers was a common problem in Sierra Leone's civil war, and...
Abstract: Incarceration was introduced in the human society both as a punishment mechanism for offenders and as a mechanism to protect the society. Overtime, societies became sensitized on the concern that extreme punishment measures such as executions that were being used could only be equated to ‘judicial murder’; therefore, informing the need for correctional justice reforms. Consequently, with modernization, the contemporary international community has formulated standards such as th...
Abstract: Ever since the collapse of the Siad Barre, Somalia has received many foreign- funded programmes in an attempt to stabilize the country. However, Somalia continues to face many security, political, and economic challenges. The main objective of this research is to examine the extent to which the programmes instituted by the World Bank have contributed to peaceful co-existence in Somalia. The Specific objectives include: Inquire into the role of development programmes by the World Ba...