ABSTRACT HIV/AIDS is a public health problem that is increasingly having its toll on human resources, particularly given the fact that the most vulnerable age group is the youth. Even though tremendous achievements have been chalked through the use of antiretroviral drugs, these drugs are expensive and unaffordable by PLWHA in Ghana. Good nutrition has therefore been deemed as a complement to anti retroviral drugs for maximum benefit to this group of people. Ironically, most studies into the ...
ABSTRACT Mining companies have created the wrong impression that soils in the Tarkwa-Aboso area are infertile and not suitable for crop production. The government of Ghana therefore continues to lease concessions in the Tarkwa- Aboso area to mining companies, who not only scrape off the rich topsoils and vegetation to expose the gold ore for extraction, but also food crops are destroyed, and farming communities are displaced. Dr. Henry Obeng conducted a soil survey in Tarkwa-Iduapriem in 1992...
ABSTRACT Unwholesome water for both domestic and industrial purposes constitute a serious health risk. An assessment of the quality of water utilized in the domestic, industrial and commercial ventures, was carried out, using two approaches: (a) a survey on water utilization in food industries in Accra and Tema. Twenty food processing industries were evaluated on storage of water, the mode of cleaning of storage receptacles, quality control of water, treatment of water within the factory .and...
ABSTRACT In attempt to model tuberculosis epidemic in the Ashanti Region of Ghana, SIR and SEIR deterministic and stochastic epidemiological models with demographic characteristics were employed. Both models showed success in modeling the infection dynamics of tuberculosis in the region. These models equilibrium points were established and their stability investigated through the Routh - Hurwitz stability criterion. The models predicted tuberculosis dying out in the entire region (Disease fr...
ABSTRACT Background: Caesarean section (CS) is one of the most frequent surgical procedures performed on women worldwide. Post CS wound infection is a major cause of prolonged hospital stay, complicating 3% to 15% of CS procedures worldwide. Surgical site infections (SSI) are associated with a maternal mortality rate of up to 3%. With the continuous increase in the rate of CS procedures performed, it is expected that post CS infections will increase in parallel, hence its significance. A...
ABSTRACT The study examined the effect of exchange rate and inflation on stock market returns in Ghana. Monthly inflation and exchange rate data obtained from the Bank of Ghana and monthly market returns computed from the GSE all-share index from January 2000 through to December 2013 was used. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration technique, the Error correction parametization of the ARDL model and Markov transition probabilities were used in unveiling this dynamics. The A...
ABSTRACT Three non-chemical conditions of preservation, storage at room temperature (that is benchtop), in a freezer and at simulated herbarium were examined to determine which is most suitable for the preservation of cowpea leaves for molecular studies. Under each storage condition, the effect of duration of storage and the difference in leaf age (that is flush or mature) on DNA yield and purity were assessed. Periodically, DNA was extracted from both flush and mature leaf samples from 6 cow...
ABSTRACT Milk is a nutritious food obtained from ruminants such as cattle, goats and sheep. In Ghana, milk is usually obtained from indigenous cattle. These have low milk yield hence the introduction of hybrids and exotic breeds. Embracing these new breeds has to an extent increased milk yield. The problem is that the yield is still not enough. Also, the milk obtained is usually sold in the fresh state which goes bad within a short time and is also patronized by few Ghanaians. For these reas...
ABSTRACT Cerebrospinal Meningitis (CSM) has been a long-standing health concern especially in tropical West Africa. CSM has been studied extensively especially in its immunological and clinical aspects in the study area in particular and the northern part of Ghana in general. However, begging questions and gaps remain in its comprehensive assessment in local-specific contexts. Consequently, the objective of the study was to gain better insight into its patterns, perceptions and management in...
ABSTRACT Chrysichthys species have been characterised by previous investigators. Most often, characterisation has been based on morphological and meristic characters. These characters may be modified by environmental factors, thus making them difficult to use in characterising species. There is the need therefore to refine or supplement taxonomy based on morphological and meristic characteristics. In the present study, variation in meristic counts and twelve body proportion variables in three...
ABSTRACT Control of lymphatic filariasis (LF) in Ghana is based on annual mass drug administration (MDA) with a combination of ivermectin and albendazole, in order to halt transmission. It is expected that 5-6 rounds of MDA should result in the interruption of transmission. This research present findings from a study in two endemic rural communities in Western Ghana, after ten rounds of MDA. The study was conducted in Agona Princess and Akonu in the Ahanta West District and Nzema East Municip...
ABSTRACT Sub-Saharan Africa accounted for about 28% of the estimated 9.6 million of all notified tuberculosis (TB) cases in 2014. Due to high incidence of TB caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) in developing countries, TB control activities have centered on MTBC to the neglect of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections. MTBC and NTM infections differ clinically, however, microscopy which is the mainstay of TB diagnosis in Ghana cannot distinguish between them. The inabi...
A B S T R A C T The baseline levels of hepatic microsomal proteins of cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase enzyme complex of two economically important tilapia species, Oreochromis! niloticus and Seratherodon. galilaeus. were measured and compared with the levels of the enzyme in O. niloticus injected with J5-naphthoflavone (fl-NF) a classical inducer of cytochrome P-4501A isozyme, and O. niloticus exposed to effluents from Akosombo Textiles Limited (ATL-E). This was done in order to find out if th...
ABTRACT Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis has been applied in the multi-element analysis of five soils from three agro-ecological zones in Ghana, using the Single Relative Standardization Method. The analysis was carried out at the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-1) Centre. Concentrations of 34 elements in deciduous forest, forest and Coastal Savanna soils were obtained. Elemental compositions and their levels in the five soils; Oda ,Bekwai, Toje, Akuse and An...
ABSTRACT Cultivation of Jatropha curcas L. for production of biodiesel as an alternative source of energy is crucial for sustainable development in Nigeria. Pests and pathogens especially fungi have been reported to be a major constraint to commercial cultivation of J. curcas in Asia and some West African countries. However, this is yet to be fully investigated and documented in Nigeria. Fungal pathogens infecting J. curcas in southwestern Nigeria were therefore investigated. Two hundred plan...